20(S)-Protopanaxadiol Alleviates Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats Through Suppression of Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis

20(S)-protopanaxadiol (PPD) is an active natural product which transformed from protopanaxadiol-type ginsenosides. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of PPD on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in a rat model. (20mg/kg) or positive-control drug Diltiazem (10mg/kg) administered daily for 7 days before left anterior descending I/R operation. After 2-hour reperfusion, changes cardiac morphology, structure, and function were evaluated by HE staining echocardiography. Myocardial infarct size assessed using nitroblue tetrazolium staining. activities enzymes serum also evaluated. Cardiomyocyte apoptosis detected terminal dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) assay. extent oxidative stress according superoxide dismutase (SOD) glutathione per oxidase (GPx) levels malondialdehyde (MDA). Western blot immunohistochemistry used determine expression associated proteins, including Bcl-2, Bax, cleaved Caspase-3, Caspase-9, cytochrome C. According results, reduced I/R‑induced increases improved function. Furthermore, decreased cardiomyocyte TUNEL staining, verified increased C, Caspase-3 myocardium. Additionally, MDA anti-oxidative capacity upregulating SOD GPx. Taken together, results suggest that serves protective role against during injury.